Fork Join pool
ForkJoinPool was introduced
in Java 7. Same is similar to Executor
framework but with one
difference. Forkjoin pool acts in recursive way unlike Executor thread,
Executor thread splits the bigger task then submit task to worker threads.
ForkJoin pool takes a big task then
Split into smaller tasks again those smaller
tasks splits themselves to sub tasks until each sub-task is atomic or not
divisible. So it work’s recursively.
Divide
Task in to smaller tasks
Fork: To split the sub-tasks from Bigger task. Ex: Task 1.1
splits to Task 1.1.1 and Task 1.1.2
Join: Getting result from immediate sub-tasks. Ex: Task 1.1
take results from Task 1.1.1 and Task 1.1.2
Fork Join pool is faster than Executor service.
Fork join Vs Executor service.
Example:
Suppose we want search an element in a sorted array. So we will use
Binary Search Algorithm.
Our Search Algorithm:
Step 1: Determines the mid element of the array, check mid
element equals with search element if so return else split array in to two
halves based on mid element.
Step 2: If search element is less than mid element then we create
a new subtask in this sub task we take left half of the array.
Step 3: If element is greater than mid element then we create a
new subtask in this sub task we take right half of the array.
Step 4: Until element is not found we continue the step 4 and 5.
Step 5: If array size is 1 and array element is not equal to
search element. returns Element Not Found.
Coding:
package com.example.concurrency;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask;
public class ForkJoinSearcher
extends
RecursiveTask<Boolean>{
int[] arr;
int searchableElement;
ForkJoinSearcher(int[] arr,int search)
{
this.arr = arr;
this.searchableElement=search;
}
@Override
protected Boolean compute() {
int mid=( 0 + arr.length)/2;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ "
says : After splliting the arry length is :: "+ arr.length + " Midpoint is
" +
mid);
if(arr[mid]==searchableElement)
{
System.out.println(" FOUND
!!!!!!!!!");
return true;
}
else if(mid==1 || mid == arr.length)
{
System.out.println("NOT FOUND
!!!!!!!!!");
return false;
}
else if(searchableElement < arr[mid])
{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ "
says :: Doing Left-search");
int[] left = Arrays.copyOfRange(arr, 0, mid);
ForkJoinSearcher
forkTask = new ForkJoinSearcher(left,searchableElement);
forkTask.fork();
return forkTask.join();
}
else if(searchableElement > arr[mid])
{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ "
says :: Doing Right-search");
int[] right = Arrays.copyOfRange(arr, mid, arr.length);
ForkJoinSearcher
forkTask = new ForkJoinSearcher(right,searchableElement);
forkTask.fork();
return forkTask.join();
}
return false;
}
}
package com.example.concurrency;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
public class BinarySearch {
int[] arr = new int[100];
public BinarySearch()
{
init();
}
private void init()
{
for(int i=0; i<arr.length;i++)
{
arr[i]=i;
}
Arrays.sort(arr);
}
public void createForJoinPool(int search)
{
ForkJoinPool
forkJoinPool = new ForkJoinPool(50);
ForkJoinSearcher
searcher = new ForkJoinSearcher(this.arr,search);
Boolean
status = forkJoinPool.invoke(searcher);
System.out.println(" Element
::"
+ search +" has been
found in array? :: " + status );
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinarySearch
search = new BinarySearch();
search.createForJoinPool(10);
System.out.println("**********************");
search.createForJoinPool(104);
}
}
Output :
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 100 Midpoint is 50
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-57 says ::
Doing Left-search
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 50 Midpoint is 25
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-57 says ::
Doing Left-search
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-50 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 25 Midpoint is 12
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-50 says ::
Doing Left-search
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 12 Midpoint is 6
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-57 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-50 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 6 Midpoint is 3
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-50 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-1-worker-43 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 3 Midpoint is 1
FOUND !!!!!!!!!
Element ::10 has been found in array? :: true
**********************
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 100 Midpoint is 50
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 50 Midpoint is 25
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-50 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 25 Midpoint is 12
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-50 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 13 Midpoint is 6
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-50 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 7 Midpoint is 3
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-50 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 4 Midpoint is 2
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-57 says ::
Doing Right-search
ForkJoinPool-2-worker-43 says :
After splliting the arry length is :: 2 Midpoint is 1
NOT FOUND !!!!!!!!!
Element ::104 has been found in array? ::
false
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